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Percutaneous nephrolithotomy: critical analysis of unfavorable results
Department of Urology, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
Feb  2011 (Vol.  18, Issue  1, Pages( 5542 - 5547)
PMID: 21333049

Abstract

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  • OBJECTIVE:

    To identify the risk factors of unfavorable results of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 602 patients were subjected to 616 PCNL procedures. Patients were divided into two groups according to the results of treatment. Group 1 with favorable results includes patients who became stone free after a single PCNL procedure without major complications. Group 2 with unfavorable results includes three subgroups: a) Patients who developed major complications, b) Those who required second major intervention to complete stone removal, and c) Patients with residual stones > 4 mm at 3 month. Risk factors for unfavorable outcome were studied by univariate and multivariate analyses.

    RESULTS:

    Unfavorable results were documented in 176 patients (28.6%) due to major complications in 40 (6.5%), need for second intervention in 124 (20%), and presence of residual stones > 4 mm at 3 month in 12 (1.9%). The remaining 440 patients (71.4%) were considered of favorable outcome. Independent risk factors of unfavorable results on multivariate analysis were staghorn stones, multiple stones and stone largest diameter > 50 mm.

    CONCLUSION:

    To optimize the results of PCNL, urologists should consider careful patient selection. Patients with staghorn stones, multiple stones or large stone burden are more susceptible to unfavorable outcome.